diff --git a/asm.nanorc b/asm.nanorc
index b08e250..b27a272 100644
--- a/asm.nanorc
+++ b/asm.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Here is an example for assembler.
 ##
 syntax "ASM" "\.(S|s|asm)$"
+magic "assembler source"
 comment "//"
 
 color red "\<[A-Z_]{2,}\>"
diff --git a/awk.nanorc b/awk.nanorc
index f41b8bf..501bc97 100644
--- a/awk.nanorc
+++ b/awk.nanorc
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 syntax "AWK" "\.awk$"
 header "^#!.*bin/(env +)?awk( |$)"
+magic "awk script"
 comment "#"
 
 color brightyellow "\$[A-Za-z0-9_!@#$*?-]+"
diff --git a/c.nanorc b/c.nanorc
index f2fe00d..22ffea6 100644
--- a/c.nanorc
+++ b/c.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Here is an example for C/C++.
 ##
 syntax "C" "\.(c(c|pp|xx)?|C)$" "\.(h(h|pp|xx)?|H)$" "\.ii?$" "\.(def)$"
+magic "^(C|C\+\+) (source|program)"
 comment "//"
 color brightred "\<[A-Z_][0-9A-Z_]+\>" 
 color green "\<(float|double|bool|char|wchar_t|int|short|long|sizeof|enum|void|static|const|struct|union|typedef|extern|(un)?signed|inline)\>"
diff --git a/java.nanorc b/java.nanorc
index f285462..46e5dd5 100644
--- a/java.nanorc
+++ b/java.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Here is an example for Java.
 ##
 syntax "Java" "\.java$"
+magic "Java "
 comment "//"
 
 color green "\<(boolean|byte|char|double|float|int|long|new|short|this|transient|void)\>"
diff --git a/lua.nanorc b/lua.nanorc
index dd12ef5..bec44ad 100644
--- a/lua.nanorc
+++ b/lua.nanorc
@@ -13,8 +13,11 @@
 
 # Automatically use for '.lua' files
 syntax "Lua" ".*\.lua$"
+magic "Lua script"
 comment "--"
 
+linter luacheck --no-color
+
 # General
 color brightwhite ".+"
 
diff --git a/makefile.nanorc b/makefile.nanorc
index c008148..5bda434 100644
--- a/makefile.nanorc
+++ b/makefile.nanorc
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 syntax "Makefile" "([Mm]akefile|\.ma?k)$"
 header "^#!.*/(env +)?[bg]?make( |$)"
+magic "makefile script"
 comment "#"
 
 color cyan  "\<(ifeq|ifdef|ifneq|ifndef|else|endif)\>"
diff --git a/man.nanorc b/man.nanorc
index e718d5c..5239bea 100644
--- a/man.nanorc
+++ b/man.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Here is an example for manpages.
 ##
 syntax "Man" "\.[1-9]x?$"
+magic "troff or preprocessor input"
 comment ".\""
 
 color green "\.(S|T)H.*$"
diff --git a/ocaml.nanorc b/ocaml.nanorc
index 455fa6f..d1bba12 100644
--- a/ocaml.nanorc
+++ b/ocaml.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Syntax highlighting for OCaml.
 
 syntax "OCaml" "\.mli?$"
+magic "OCaml"
 comment "(*|*)"
 
 #uid
diff --git a/patch.nanorc b/patch.nanorc
index 73e6326..bd282b7 100644
--- a/patch.nanorc
+++ b/patch.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ## Here is an example for patch files.
 ##
 syntax "Patch" "\.(patch|diff)$"
+magic "diff output"
 # You can't add comments in patch files.
 comment ""
 
diff --git a/perl.nanorc b/perl.nanorc
index 88e2a1e..117a95c 100644
--- a/perl.nanorc
+++ b/perl.nanorc
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 ##
 syntax "Perl" "\.p[lm]$"
 header "^#!.*/(env +)?perl( |$)"
+magic "Perl script"
 comment "#"
 
 color red "\<(accept|alarm|atan2|bin(d|mode)|c(aller|h(dir|mod|op|own|root)|lose(dir)?|onnect|os|rypt)|d(bm(close|open)|efined|elete|ie|o|ump)|e(ach|of|val|x(ec|ists|it|p))|f(cntl|ileno|lock|ork))\>" "\<(get(c|login|peername|pgrp|ppid|priority|pwnam|(host|net|proto|serv)byname|pwuid|grgid|(host|net)byaddr|protobynumber|servbyport)|([gs]et|end)(pw|gr|host|net|proto|serv)ent|getsock(name|opt)|gmtime|goto|grep|hex|index|int|ioctl|join)\>" "\<(keys|kill|last|length|link|listen|local(time)?|log|lstat|m|mkdir|msg(ctl|get|snd|rcv)|next|oct|open(dir)?|ord|pack|pipe|pop|printf?|push|q|qq|qx|rand|re(ad(dir|link)?|cv|do|name|quire|set|turn|verse|winddir)|rindex|rmdir|s|scalar|seek(dir)?)\>" "\<(se(lect|mctl|mget|mop|nd|tpgrp|tpriority|tsockopt)|shift|shm(ctl|get|read|write)|shutdown|sin|sleep|socket(pair)?|sort|spli(ce|t)|sprintf|sqrt|srand|stat|study|substr|symlink|sys(call|read|tem|write)|tell(dir)?|time|tr(y)?|truncate|umask)\>" "\<(un(def|link|pack|shift)|utime|values|vec|wait(pid)?|wantarray|warn|write)\>"
diff --git a/php.nanorc b/php.nanorc
index 3c0e187..e9e2959 100644
--- a/php.nanorc
+++ b/php.nanorc
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 ## PHP Syntax Highlighting
 syntax "PHP" "\.php[2345s~]?$"
+magic "PHP script"
 comment "//"
 color white start="<\?(php|=)?" end="\?>"
 # Functions
diff --git a/python.nanorc b/python.nanorc
index a127364..70022a3 100644
--- a/python.nanorc
+++ b/python.nanorc
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ header "^#!.*/(env +)?python[-0-9._]*( |$)"
 magic "Python script"
 comment "#"
 
+linter pyflakes
+
 ## built-in objects
 color cyan "\<(None|self|True|False)\>"
 ## built-in attributes
diff --git a/ruby.nanorc b/ruby.nanorc
index d064984..7e8aef1 100644
--- a/ruby.nanorc
+++ b/ruby.nanorc
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 ##
 syntax "Ruby" "\.rb$" "Gemfile" "config.ru" "Rakefile" "Capfile" "Vagrantfile"
 header "^#!.*/(env +)?ruby( |$)"
+magic "Ruby script"
+linter ruby -w -c
 comment "#"
 
 ## Asciibetical list of reserved words
diff --git a/sh.nanorc b/sh.nanorc
index 3b27e18..3771b87 100644
--- a/sh.nanorc
+++ b/sh.nanorc
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 ##
 syntax "SH" "\.sh$" "\.bashrc" "bashrc" "\.bash_aliases" "bash_aliases" "\.bash_functions" "bash_functions" "\.bash_login" "\.bash_logout" "\.bash_profile" "bash_profile" "\.profile" "revise\..+$"
 header "^#!.*/(env +)?(ba)?sh( |$)"
+magic "(POSIX|Bourne-Again) shell script.*text"
 comment "#"
 
+linter dash -n
+
 ## keywords:
 color green "\<(case|do|done|elif|else|esac|fi|for|function|if|in|select|then|time|until|while)\>"
 color green "(\{|\}|\(|\)|\;|\]|\[|`|\\|\$|<|>|!|=|&|\|)"
diff --git a/tcl.nanorc b/tcl.nanorc
index e08ff6a..99c9ae0 100644
--- a/tcl.nanorc
+++ b/tcl.nanorc
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 syntax "TCL" "\.tcl$"
 header "^#!.*/(env +)?tclsh( |$)"
 
+magic "Tcl(/Tk)? script"
 comment "#"
 
 ## Standard Tcl [info commands]
diff --git a/tex.nanorc b/tex.nanorc
index 208f9af..8b281d5 100644
--- a/tex.nanorc
+++ b/tex.nanorc
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 ## Here is a short example for TeX files.
 ##
 syntax "TeX" "\.tex$" "bib" "\.bib$" "cls" "\.cls$"
+magic "(La)?TeX document"
 comment "%"
 
+linter chktex -v0 -q -I
+
 color yellow "\$(\\\$|[^$])*[^\\]\$"
 color yellow "\$\$(\\\$|[^$])*[^\\]\$\$"
 icolor green "\\.|\\[A-Z]*"
diff --git a/xml.nanorc b/xml.nanorc
index 1ebe934..bd7b273 100644
--- a/xml.nanorc
+++ b/xml.nanorc
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 ##
 
 syntax "XML" ".*\.([jrs]?html?|xml|sgml?|rng)$"
+header "<\?xml.*version=.*\?>"
+magic "(XML|SGML) (sub)?document"
 comment "<!--|-->"
 color white "^.+$"
 color green  start="<" end=">"